CompuServe Thread

#liberal as ever

8 messages in this thread
#189301From: Trent HawkinsMar 16, 1995 10:34 PM
=>you have to have some chance of success Hmmm.. Interesting. So what you are trying to tell me is that you will not play the game unless you can win. There is no situation where peacekeepers have had to be called in where there was a sure fire chance of winning. When the UN, in a peacekeeping role, has stepped in, it was usually due to the next step being all out war. Take a look at Cyprus. The UN has been in there since the Sixties and there is no light at the end of the tunnel. For that matter, if the UN forces in Cyprus pulled out any time soon, the war there would erupt again in full force the minute the last plane left the tarmac. The idea behind peacekeeping was to interpose troops between two warring parties. The premise was that the opponents in a war would actually think twice before starting hostilities because they could not ensure that no UN forces would become causalties in an attack. This would initiate an escalation in the conflict by introducing another opponent – namely the UN country which suffered the causalties (governments tend to take a dim view when it's soldiers get shot). While this seems fairly ruthless on the part of the member nation's government, it has worked fairly well for the last 30+ years. This idea all hinges on the belief that retaliation _will_ occur. When the US stepped into the peacekeeping arena, it was under the provision that it's troops would be commanded _only_ by it's own chain of command. This made it responsible to it's political structure (just like normal) who in turn were responsible to public pressure. As soon as causalties occured, the political body, responding to public outcry, pulled those troops out. Where was the retaliation? There ends the cornerstone of the idea. Was there a chance that any good could have come out of the action? Of course not, because the policy was never given a chance to work.As soon as the opposition got the idea that no retaliation was forthcoming, no matter what they did, they were given a free hand. A friend of mine who was posted in Somalia made a comment that sticks in my mind, "When the going got tough, the Marines were on thier boats heading back home." The idea of a 'lost cause' is also fairly lame. War is bad. Not only from a humane perspective, but also from a business outlook. War disrupts everything. It takes away productivity and resources that could better be utilized for growth. Peace and prosperity go hand in hand, and considering how small the world is becoming, what happens in one part of the world will eventually affect the rest of the globe. It is therefore _not_ a lost cause to help foster peace on a global scale. It just makes good business sense. Trent 'Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori'
#189321From: Karl F. KugelMar 16, 1995 11:57 PM
Trent, take another look. What I said, AND WHAT YOU QUOTED, is "you have to have some chance of success." Now, how you managed to interpret that as meaning that I think we need "a sure fire chance of winning" before we can do anything completely mystifies me. If you really don't see any difference, I suggest you stay as far away from Las Vegas as possible. <G> In any event, if you look at UN peace-keeping forces, you will find they generally are troops from Pakistan, Fiji, and similar minor powers. I doubt that hostile powers ANYWHERE are very intimidated by the thought of "introducing another opponent." -Karl
#189431From: Trent HawkinsMar 17, 1995 11:00 PM
Karl, What do you mean 'minor powers'? I suggest that you look at the makeup of UNPROFOR in Bosnia. The three main participants since UNPROFOR were originally inserted have been Canada, Britain and France. You will also find that these three nations provide a little better than 75% of the UN forces for those missions that are ongoing worldwide. Do not know about you, but Britain and France are _definitely not_ 'minor powers' (will keep Canada out of this for the moment as I am biased <g>). UNPROFOR has also had troops from Ukraine, Russia and Poland as well as troops from some of those nations that you mentioned (Fiji though only contributes on average 5 personell per year, and all for administration). While the former Warsaw Bloc contribution to UN missions is new, the troops that they provided were definitely _not_ second line (and considering that the US has spent the last 30+ years building up it's forces to defend against the Warsaw Bloc), I find your comment confusing. Sorry about the misquote. As every mission has a chance to succeed, however small, I just read your comment to mean that the chance to succeed had to be paramount in the decision to commit troops. Will try to read better in the future <g>. Trent 'Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori'
#189593From: Karl F. KugelMar 19, 1995 5:20 PM
UNPROFOR is a special case. In every other case where US troops are involved (the only cases I'm usually interested in) I have NEVER seen UN troops from any larger power than Italy, and them only once. Definition of a minor power: One that needs to yell for help to get OUT of situations that they got into by themselves. P.S. Any of the Warsaw Pact powers, by itself, is a minor power. (Except for one, of course <G>) -Karl
#189727From: Trent HawkinsMar 20, 1995 11:31 PM
You need to look around a little more then. The three countries who contribute the most have been France, Britain and Canada. The US have contributed some forces over the years, but soon pulled out due to public pressure (the latest being Somalia – Lebanon was a little rough tho). With your definition tho, the US becomes a minor power. There have been very limited cases where the US has not went the distance. The successes that they can point to (Panama, Grenada, etc) were no match. For Iraq, a coalition was needed. This is not to take away from US successes, it just shows that the US has become cautious in the application of thier forces. Trent 'Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori'
#189840From: Karl F. KugelMar 21, 1995 10:51 PM
That may well be, but to MY knowledge they haven't been in the same places, at the same time as we have. However, the examples you cite are flawed. Somalia was not, originally, a UN "peace-keeping" operation, but a unilateral US humanitarian one. AFTER we got there, the UN got involved, once they thought it was safe to stick us with the responsibility (and cost). The expulsion of Iraq from Kuwait was likewise not a UN operation, although for political reasons a UN mandate was obtained for the action. A coalition was not "needed" for military reasons, but for political ones. (Not to take anything at all away from the help we received from our allies, especially the British, but they weren't "needed".) That's not to say that we could do it easily by ourselves NOW, but we certainly could THEN. Frankly, I think the definitive statement on who's a minor power or not was given in Bosnia. A minor power is one who's Peace-Keeping forces can be taken hostage by one of the warring powers without fear of retaliation. Which was exactly my point. -Karl
#189371From: Jim ButterfieldMar 17, 1995 1:53 PM
>> The idea behind peacekeeping was to interpose troops between two warring parties… Not at all. The idea was to interpose troops between two parties not at war. Neither in Cyprus nor the Gaza strip was there an active war at the time that UN peacekeeping forces were put in place. And in the case of Gaza, the peacekeeping forces moved out when one of the parties said, "We're gonna have a real war now; move out of the way". The UN's involvement in Korea was NOT a peacekeeping action. Relatively contemporary events such as Croatia and Somalia have some participants wanting to redefine "peacekeeping" in such a way that it includes active combat. But I doubt that the term will in fact change; journalists are avoiding the word in describing current actions. –Jim
#189447From: Trent HawkinsMar 18, 1995 1:07 AM
The two parties involved on Cyprus were indeed at war. In fact, the Turks had made significant gains just prior to the first UN mission coming ashore.This was at the request of the two combatants (tho the Turks had to be convinced rather forcefully). Indeed there were troops that were posted on the Gaza Strip and that they were also pulled out just prior to the conflicts there, but the troops posted on the Golan Heights were not (Jim, I'm sure you remember Trudeau's speech about this). The actions in Korea were indeed not a peacekeeping action. They could not be as the concept of UN peacekeeping had not been born yet. It was not till the late 60's that member nations other than the US went in under the UN banner. Trent 'Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori'