CompuServe Thread

#Sea Levels?

5 messages in this thread
#126551From: Michael SternbergMar 31, 1994 1:33 AM
>Glomar Challenger brought some unusual core samples from drillings of sea/ocean floors: anhydrites from the Mediterranean and the Gulf of Mexico, Miocene age ( 6 mya) evaporite deposits in the Mediterranean basin were left when sea level fell below the Straits of Gibraltar. In addition, there exists a circulation loop through the strait. Due to evaporation, the Med is more saline than Atlantic sea water. As evaporation continues, gypsum becomes an evaporite precipitate to the Med floor. Also the brine becomes denser and sinks toward the bottom flowing out the Strait of Gibraltar. Less dense seawater flows east through the Straits into the Med. Ref: Earth, 4th Ed. W.H.Freeman, pp328-329. A similar mechanism could be proposed for the Gulf of Mexico, but I have no suporting evidence. I believe that the geology of the Gulf is still somewhat problematic. > Publication by Columbia U Please direct me to this one specifically, can't comment much without further info The Atlantic ridge represents the original rift region between N.America and Europe/Africa, erosional sediments would be expected on the new basaltic floor as the proto-Atlantic developed. >Terrestrial-type sedimentary rocks with apparent glacial striations There exists enough evidence of ice-rafting of glacial boulders to satisfy me on this one. > Limestone found when drilling in the Maraianas Basin The only reference to limestone in deep sea formations that I have is John McPhee's Assembling California. Ophiolitic suites of rocks may include limestone in the upper sequences. Island arc subduction or accretion are possible sources of seeming shallow water deposits now located in deep sea trenches. > River (V-shaped) canyons, running down the height of the continental shelves Turbidity currents are the proposed hypothesis for the formation of strongly eroded submarine canyons. Slumping of continental shelf deposits down the continental slope results in suspension of the solids in the water. This denser body of water, compelled by gravity, rushes downslope exercising a strong cutting action as it flows. The resulting abyssal sediments are graded beds of sand silt and clay. Ref: Earth, 4th ed, pp. 282-285 >A discussion of how such a hypothesis would still permit the isolation of Australia. No comment >Sunken flat-topped sea mounts at a wide variety of depths. The leading hypothesis for the presence of guyots or flat-topped seamounts is that they represent the subsided remains of volcanic mountains, once raised above sea level and then eroded flat by wave action. Because the sea volcanoes grew from a hot spot in the mantle, once the oceanic plate moved away from the hot-spot, the eruptive rock and its basement crust cooled and then sank to below sea level. Ref: Earth, 4th ed, pp288-289 > Legends of floods worldwide No comment Regards – Michael
#126579From: Chris TinsleyMar 31, 1994 6:10 AM
Dear Michael, Many thanks for your impressive posting. What you say about sea mounts is just what I saw, it sounds very sensible, as do your comments on the Mediterranean. As usual in these books no proper references are quoted, I'll have to track down the Columbia U publications. I get the impression that (unlike some people) this man doesn't actually invent evidence, he just gets muddled. Two things bother me, though. I'd have thought that IF there are erosional deposits on the mid-Atlantic ridge, these could not readily be explained by their being remains of the original coastline as the continents parted? Is not the Ridge all new(ish!), could it have carried coastal deposits as it spread? Having looked at drawings of the floor of the Atlantic, with a canyon running from Gibraltar nearly to the ridge (though this might not be V-shaped), at the sonar cross-sections of the *stepped*, V-shaped canyons, some of which are filled, and at the 'delta' at the 'mouth' of the Congo canyon, I am, in my admitted ignorance, uncomfortable with the mudslide hypothesis. Could I ask if you – obviously an expert – are entirely comfortable with it? Or is it that the obvious absurdity of any 'dry' hypothesis compels you to suggest it? Many thanks for the help, and for the references, which I shall follow up. Chris
#126683From: Michael SternbergApr 1, 1994 12:54 AM
I agree that *if* fluvial sediments were found at the ridge itself, then continental sources are very unlikely. I'd need to see the Columbia U data. I don't have as detailed a map of the Congo canyon as you, so I can't respond directly to the point you have raised. However, given my experience observing the cutting power of streams heavily laden with sediment, turbidity currents do go a long way toward explaining such features. since the Grand Canyon represents erosional processes in large part due to accelerated cutting action of heavy stream loading since the Miocene (15-20 mya ), I can accept similar continental shelf formations where rivers exist. Which raises an interesting point. Are there similar features on the continental margins where no evidence of past rivers exists? While I mentioned mudslides as a source of turbidity currents, the mechanism doesn't distinguish between mud resuspended in a slide, or mud suspended in stream flow. ****I am not an expert***** I am, like you, intrigued, puzzled and fascinated by such features, anomalies and engimas that you listed in the first post. In search of answers and understanding, I have compiled a decent library that is I guess Natural History in scope. Geology is a significant part of that. A very interesting book you might enjoy is UNKNOWN EARTH: A handbook of Geological Enigmas, by William Corliss, published by The Sourcebook Project, PO Box 107, Glen Arm, MD 21057. ISBN 0-915554-06-2 Regards – Michael
#126691From: Chris TinsleyApr 1, 1994 1:37 AM
That's an enormously helpful response, as have been the others, thank you, ALL. Though I still feel that the raw data is always better than an interpretation by anybody. The advantage of 'enigma' books is that – if properly referenced – they save time when trying to find the original sources. That little lot should help loads. Chris ex
#126677From: Todd FrankApr 1, 1994 12:31 AM
Thats is the plate tectonic theory on how Hawaii got here or there, they say its moves throughout time.