CompuServe Thread

#Geologic Time Table

30 messages in this thread
#141615From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 14, 1994 6:27 PM
When I first visited the Grand Canyon I asked the ranger where the material that piled up in layers came from? He said that it blew in. Where did the layers come from? This is just Kamron speculation. The layers came from the Sun. The geologic table from the beginning of time up until the top of the Cretaceous is somewhat consistent world wide. The layers up to that point while varying in thickness are laid out in fairly even beds over the entire crust, as a general rule.Correct me if I'm Wrong. Where did these layers come from? I believe that all this material that piled up came from the Sun. The variations in the layers represent different stages of the solar output. I believe there was a hugh catastrophe that occurred to the earth at that time. What other theories are there for these organized layers and the mess of layers above this layer.
#141621From: Greg LadenAug 14, 1994 7:12 PM
>> I asked the ranger where the material that piled up in layers came from? He said that it blew in.>> The "flat" layers exposed in the Grand Canyon that form the most spectacular colors and rock formations are sandstones, limestones, and other types of rocks. Some of the layers may be ancient dune fields or sand fiels, but I'm not sure of that. Others represent ancient sea-beds, etc. The most ancient layers are schists (if I recall correctly, originally sedimentary rock) and are very ancient. The reddish layers that are above these schists lie unconformably on top of them, indicating that erosion occurred before the formation the other layers. << Where did the layers come from?>> Thus, the layers come from a variety of sources, depending on what layer you are talking about. If that is all the ranger said — that "they blew in"– then they need a new ranger out there! << The layers came from the Sun.>> Since the sun is not made of silica or carbonates, which probably constitute most of the material you see when you look at the walls of the Grand Canyon, this is highly unlikely. << The geologic table from the beginning of time up until the top of the Cretaceous is somewhat consistent world wide. The layers up to that point while varying in thickness are laid out in fairly even beds over the entire crust, as a general rule.Correct me if I'm Wrong.>> There is not basis for this statement, if I'm reading it corrrectly. In fact, while at the Grand Canyon, you were looking at a good example of just the opposite, with the Schist layers (the dark rock through which the river runs, as they say in the movies<g> are not layered nice and horizontal and even like the rocks above, but are all jumbled up and messy. Also, among the strata that look well layered from the area of the visitor center, but down canyon some ways, there is also a lot of messiness among the strata, in particular in association with lava flows, if I remember my GC geology correctly. Someone with more info on this may want to chime in here. <<The variations in the layers represent different stages of the solar output.>> Solar output of sandstone and limestone? Not too likely! << I believe there was a hugh catastrophe that occurred to the earth at that time.>> At which time? << What other theories are there for these organized layers and the mess of layers above this layer. << Well, things are not laid out as you thought, partly thanks to some misinformation from a rogue park ranger! Hope this helps. Cheers, GTL – Greg Laden, Written 14-Aug-1994 @ 20:10:00 Using: Windows NavCIS PRO 1.25
#141680From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 15, 1994 7:37 AM
The point that needs clarification here is… The layers between the Pre-cambrian and up to the top of the Cretaceous were built up around the world at the same time in similar thickness layers. There are volcanic flows and ash layers and other variables. The total crust has built up from the Pre-cambrian miles thick. This build up could not occur if the material was moving around from one place to another. You see the problem? building up everywhere at the same time….. It could not have come from earth, not and built up in layers of similar depth world wide. There are also worldwide (markers) like the iridium layer between the cretaceous and the paleocene. The catastrophe came at the top of the cretaceous layer.
#141703From: Greg LadenAug 15, 1994 11:55 AM
>> The layers between the Pre-cambrian and up to the top of the Cretaceous were built up around the world at the same time in similar thickness layers. << Now I see what you are saying. It isn't true, though, as far as I know. What is the evidence for this? >> The total crust has built up from the Pre-cambrian miles thick. This build up could not occur if the material was moving around from one place to another. You see the problem? building up everywhere at the same time….. << Now I get it. But your premise is faulty, I believe, so this conclusion is unwarrented. – Greg Laden, Written 15-Aug-1994 @ 12:51:53 Using: Windows NavCIS PRO 1.25
#141749From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 15, 1994 7:05 PM
>> Now I see what you are saying. It isn't true, though, as far as I know. What is the evidence for this? << The story goes that the materials came from mountains that were being worn down by time. If that were true then there would be clumps of material instead of the layers we see at the cretaceous and lower levels. The sandstones and clays are layers of very consistent size particles stretching over very large areas. They are composed of very fine smooth round particles , unlike the products of erosion. Erosion deposits are found in uneven beds of varying size particles and even in the sea bed would not make the same type of layers. This worldwide deposition of even layers cannot have happened without the material comming in from off planet sources. I am just thinking out loud and wondered if anyone else noticed this.
#141829From: Jim FergusonAug 16, 1994 7:26 AM
"The sandstones and clays are layers of very consistent size particles stretching over very large areas. They are composed of very fine smooth round particles , unlike the products of erosion." The particles forming the various sandstones of the GC are not all constent in size. The smoother and rounder windblown sand particles that form the Coconino formation are very different from the water formed Tapeats sandstone. jf
#141965From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 16, 1994 11:28 PM
The average particles in a given layer are consistent within the layer. Each layer is world wide. The Pre-Cambrian, Cambrian, Ordovician, and Silurian layers are each distinct in composition and worldwide. The change in the deposition is sudden and the type of rock is very distinct and different in each layer. This fact applies to the balance of the layers moving up through time, Devonian, Caboniferous (both parts) then Permian, Triassic. Jurassic then Cretaceous. Each layer is distinct, worldwide and consistent in makeup. These deposits occurred worldwide at the same time!!!! It is currently thought that the layers in the sedimentary crust were laid down by erosion, ice sheets and glaciation in different periods, if this were true the geologic layers would not be found worldwide nor even found consistently over a small areas. These facts prove the material arrived from outer space (ie from the Sun). Each layer represents a specific cycle change in the suns activity.
#141984From: Bill Webb /CAAug 17, 1994 12:51 AM
Kamron: >> These facts prove the material arrived from outer space (ie from the Sun). Each layer represents a specific cycle change in the suns activity. << What "facts"? And if they were "facts", how would they "prove" an outer space source? From my reading of your postings on this subject, you are confusing your pronouncements with reality! Others have replied in more detail on the subject matter, which I think you also have quite wrong. Try again! Bill
#142415From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 19, 1994 10:58 PM
>> you are confusing your pronouncements with reality! << My pronouncements are my reality, which in no way is intended to be confused with yours. Of course there are exceptions to these layers caused by a catastrophe that occurred at the end of the cretaceous period. The point of this pronouncement is that the earths organic crust is 8 miles deep everywhere. So how could it come from earth if it is 8 miles thick everywhere.
#142566From: Bill Webb /CAAug 20, 1994 11:36 PM
Okay Kamron, now that we know that your pronouncements are your reality, I think we can abandon any further discussion. B.
#142057From: Jim FergusonAug 17, 1994 3:14 PM
"The average particles in a given layer are consistent within the layer. Each layer is world wide." Neither of these 2 statements is true. There are many layers of water formed sandstones and shales that have very different particle sizes. The differences are accounted for by differential rates of erosion due to flooding and periods of drought over thousands of centuries. The layers of stone are not present worldwide. If they were then here in Indiana we would have all the layers of rock that are found at the Grand Canyon and we don't. We do have some rock layers that were formed during the same time periods as some of the rocks of the Grand Canyon but they are not the same kinds of rocks. Your use of the terms Pre-Cambrian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian for the layers of rocks is unusual. Those terms are time periods. They do not connote or denote anything about the types of rocks formed during that period. They do convey information about the types of fossils, and the geological time-frame during which those rocks were formed. It is quite possible to have a Pennsylvanian coal in one place, a Pennsylvanian sandstone in another place, and a Pennsylvanian limestone somewhere else. "These facts prove the material arrived from outer space (ie from the Sun)." I won't argue the merits or demerits of your suggestion, but your argument has problems because your premises (the statements you call facts) are not true. Therefore any conclusion you would draw from them would only be true by chance not by proof. _The Grand Canyon_ by Jeremy Schmidt (ISBN 0-395-59932-6) is widely available in the travel section of most bookstores and provides a good overview of the geology and ecology of GCNP. Reading it might clear up some of your questions. jf
#142248From: Ed Fisher/PAAug 18, 1994 8:36 PM
Just as an aside on this discussion, Jim … something that has always bothered me when I allowed it to do so is this: Do fossils from one time period ever appear preserved in sediment of a later time period as the rock in which they were originally present erodes or dissolves and is redeposited as sediment? Or is the erosion process so complete that this doesn't happen. In other words, can fossils "wash down" from an older formation into a younger one?
#142381From: Don KenneyAug 19, 1994 6:35 PM
>>>In other words, can fossils "wash down" from an older formation into a younger one? PMFJI. In a word, Yes. That's the whole issue with Dinosaur remains found above the KT boundary in the Northern Great Plains — it isn't clear whether they are in place and therefore are of Paleocene Age, or are redeposited from Cretaceous beds. I believe that there have been cases of misdating of formations based on redeposited fossils, but none pop to mind.
#142517From: Ed Fisher/PAAug 20, 1994 3:13 PM
<< That's the whole issue with Dinosaur remains found above the KT boundary in the Northern Great Plains — it isn't clear whether they are in place and therefore are of Paleocene Age, or are redeposited from Cretaceous beds. I believe that there have been cases of misdating of formations based on redeposited fossils, but none pop to mind. >> This, that you've mentioned, is one of the hypothetical scenarios I was trying to put together in my head before posting the question. I can imagine this redeposition of fossils (what I meant by my term "washing down") occurring where large fossils such as the dinosaur remains you mentioned, initially incorporated into poorly consolidated strata, would be "worked loose" by erosion, transported along with other sediment, and re-deposited as a younger bed. I could also imagine this happening in cases where solution work on a carbonate rock might free existing fossils from the matrix and transport them to a new location for re-incorporation into an younger bed. What does a person trying to date the fossils and/or the bed itself look for to indicate that this may have happened?
#142414From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 19, 1994 10:58 PM
Greeting Jim Your right it …..is not as clear and distinct as my lead statement indicates. In the lowest levels or base of the organic crust it is easiest to trace the worldwide strata. During these times the layers were all formed in shallow oceans and are the most consistent layers. A catastrophe that occurred at the end of the cretaceous period totally transformed the crust, breaking it into continents and shattering and fracturing it. THere were upthrusts and extrusions. These are the exceptions to the early layers. Somewhere around the start of the mesozoic period is when there were combinations of dry land and oceans with different types and amounts of life that caused variations in areas and thicknesses of layers. The point of this thread is that the material piled up over time to a depth of over 8 miles thick. This material could not have come from other parts of the earth because it covered the entire earth.
#142429From: Lanny R. ReamAug 19, 1994 11:42 PM
What covered the entire earth? There is nothing I know of that covered the entire earth to a depth of 8 miles. As I recall from my geology classes the earth's crust is not uniform in thickness. The Continental crusts vary from somethingl like 12 to 30 miles! The oceanic crusts (which are entirely relatively young basaltic) are only around 3 miles thick.
#142474From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 20, 1994 9:41 AM
The ocean basins are relatively new and have very little organic deposits. >> The oceanic crusts (which are entirely relatively young basaltic) are only around 3 miles thick. << I agree. The basins also are similar in age. If you discount the sediments around the larger rivers you have newly formed crust with very little sedimentary deposits. These new basins formed all at the same time and are the result of the crust being removed by a passing star and the molten layers below cooling into new crust.
#142579From: Don KenneyAug 21, 1994 1:09 AM
>>> The point of this thread is that the material piled up over time to a depth of over 8 miles thick. This material could not have come from other parts of the earth because it covered the entire earth. Kamron You're simply wrong about this, at least as regards the "evidence" you are basing your conclusions on. I doubt anybody is going to convince you of this but yourself. If you want to give up 6 or 8 weeks of your life, I can help you lay out a series of trips in the Western United States that will probably convince you — as they have everyone else that has examined the rocks and fossils — that the late PreCambrian and Cambrian history of the Southern Great Basin is one of a shallow sea slowly transgressing "Eastward" over the continental platform. You will also find that the nature of the rocks that appear to be of the same age changes in an orderly manner from West to East and that several MILES of Upper PreCambrian and Lower Cambrian deposits present in the White Mountains of California thin and coarsen systematically thru the Death Valley region and are missing entirely 300 km South East in the Providence and Marble Ranges of San Bernardino County. Don
#142963From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 23, 1994 7:52 AM
Don There are quite a bit of variations and sections of layers thin and disappear. They can be picked up again further along the crust or on the other continents. Give this theory consideration and it starts to make more and more sense, entertain it a bit…. There were local variations of all types and sometimes huge variations in the output of the sun. I believe at times that products of the sun silicas, calcium, sodium ect. rained down on the earth building hundred foot depths of material in a few days sometimes confined to an area. This would help explain how forests were buried over and over in unrotted condition to form coal beds. There are examples of forests buried worldwide with the trees still standing. The catastrophe that occurred at the end of the cretaceous period was of such magnitude that all the variations you describe can be explained. Whole sections of the crust were sliced off and removed. Sections were turned upside down. 2/3 of the crust was removed to form the moon. How is it that the earth has thick continents and new ocean basins. Because they are newly formed crust. Why are the deepest trenches around the perimeter of the continents? Not subduction as stated. As the remaining crust broke up the pieces drifted apart, This motion caused the new ocean basin to solidify near the bottom of the drifting continental slab and as the slab continued to drift the new ocean basin crust kept the new material at that depth. The new basin slowly rose as the crusted edge got further and further away from the edge of the continental slab ending in the highest part of the new ocean basin in the mid point of the drift between the two slabs. This is why the mid oceanic rise is higher.
#142058From: Dean MillerAug 17, 1994 3:32 PM
Hi Kamron, >> These facts prove the material arrived from outer space (ie from >> the Sun). All it shows (doesn't prove) is that something changed over the whole Earth at the juncture of the deposits that are worldwide. My guess is that it was probably not the sun. Who knows what asteroid or comet might have bounced off the Earth in geological history. Dean
#142388From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 19, 1994 6:41 PM
Dean How could deposits be made over the entire earth at the same time? How could the content of these deposits change their makeup all over the world at the same time. Forget for a moment all the upthrusts and filled cracks and turned over hunks of crust. These were caused by the catastrophe. Focus on the early organic crust. The deposits were occuring all over the world at once. Its piled up 8 miles high. Where did they come from?
#142430From: Lanny R. ReamAug 19, 1994 11:42 PM
Did I miss something in the beginning of this? Where did you get information that the crusts are only 8 miles thick and have a uniform worldwide compostion?
#142473From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 20, 1994 9:41 AM
I am referring to the average thickness of the organic crust where it has remained intact. My point is that the organic crust has built up over time concurrently all over the world. The buildup is not the result of erosion in one place and deposition in another. The build up is the result of capturing material that is constantly spewing out of the Sun in the solar wind.
#142442From: Dean MillerAug 20, 1994 3:31 AM
Hi Kamron, >> How could deposits be made over the entire earth at the same time? When a large enough meteorite hits the Earth a large volume of dust and ash are thrown into the upper atmosphere, both from the initial hit and from the volcanoes that erupt due to the disturbance. This debris will take years to settle out and can be very uniformly distributed according to some of the papers I've read. >> The deposits were occuring all over the world at once. Its piled up >> 8 miles high. Where did they come from? 8 miles? Miles? That's pretty deep.<g> I don't know anything about that factor. Maybe the solar system ran through an interstellar dust cloud? I've read that the Earth is constantly accumulating dust from space. This has been shown in the layers for the ice cores drilled at Antarctica. One of the authors of the report I read says that over the course of a few billion years the total dust could be in the hundred mile range, assuming the rate of accumulation has been consistent. Dean
#142475From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 20, 1994 9:41 AM
Greetings Dean!! >> 8 miles? Miles? That's pretty deep.<g> Maybe the solar system ran through an interstellar dust cloud? No doubt that has happened from time to time. >>I've read that the Earth is constantly accumulating dust from space. This has been shown in the layers for the ice cores drilled at Antarctica. << Exactly my point!!! The organic crust that was deposited up to the top of the cretaceous layer came from accumulation from space, and think 99% has the sun as its source. Kamron
#142413From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 19, 1994 10:58 PM
The depths of the deposits are too deep. The average depth of the organic crust is more than 8 miles thick. That amounts to what an inch every ten thousand years?
#141846From: Greg LadenAug 16, 1994 11:33 AM
>> If that were true then there would be clumps of material instead of the layers we see at the cretaceous and lower levels. << But there are clumps. We see clumps. >> The sandstones and clays are layers of very consistent size particles stretching over very large areas. They are composed of very fine smooth round particles , unlike the products of erosion. << Smooth round particles of consistent size are a typical product of erosion. There are sedimentary basins forming in the world today with these characteristics. I.e. large parts of the Sahara, the Kalahari, ocean abbysmal area, the Carribean, the large inner seas of Central Asia and North America, the Central Asian Steps, Western Central Australia, etc. etc. etc. >> Erosion deposits are found in uneven beds of varying size particles and even in the sea bed would not make the same type of layers. << Sorry, incorrect. There are all different kinds of erosion deposits (see above for examples of similar products over large areas, and there are of course complex deposits as you mention. And these are found across all time periods, as far as I know.) Hope this helps! GTL – Greg Laden, Written 16-Aug-1994 @ 12:25:36 Using: Windows NavCIS PRO 1.25
#141964From: Kamron KirkconnellAug 16, 1994 11:28 PM
>> But there are clumps. We see clumps. << Any clumps of material in the layers below the Cretaceous were extrusions or intrusions, and areas where large cracks were opened up during the Great Catastrophe that were filled with other materials. The layers otherwise are very consistent and they were Laid down in these layers all over the world at the same time. making it impossible that they came from earth. The materials all came from the sun and other stars to a much lesser degree.
#142033From: Greg LadenAug 17, 1994 12:02 PM
Oh. – Greg Laden, Written 17-Aug-1994 @ 12:28:13 Using: Windows NavCIS PRO 1.25
#141943From: Lanny R. ReamAug 16, 1994 10:03 PM
As others point out here, most of your premis is wrong. First, layers of Cretaceous age and older are not consistent worldwide. They have varying compositions and don't exist everywhere for any given age, and there is no evidence that they ever did. Their composition is not the same as that from any extraterrestrial source, but are the same as one would expect from terrestrial sources. The layers are often fairly even and widespread because they were deposited in large seas. Locally and in many layers on a broad scale they show many variations is grain size, composition and bedding features–just like is happening with sediments being deposited in oceans and seas today. Lanny